Follow us on social

Shutterstock_1392244637-scaled

New Report Details $174 Million in Foreign Funding to D.C. Think Tanks

Thanks to a competitive influence racket and a lack of transparency, the real total is likely double that amount.

Reporting | Washington Politics

Foreign governments gave the top 50 think tanks in the United States $175 million to influence Washington policy and public opinion from 2014 to 2018, but don’t for a second think that is the extent of their giving.

In fact, since there is virtually no transparency when it comes to foreign influence in our think tanks, that number could easily exceed $500 million, noted Ben Freeman, director of the Foreign Influence Transparency Initiative at the Center for International Policy, which released its much anticipated study of think tank funding on Wednesday.

“This is a floor, not a ceiling,” he said of the total figures. There are a number of reasons for this. First, think tanks are not required by law to disclose anything about their donors, foreign or otherwise, period. Freeman found out the hard way how difficult this would make his task when he set out to dig a year ago. The New York Times had already laid some important groundwork in this area in 2014, identifying some $92 million in international funding to U.S. think tanks from 2011-2014.

Freeman’s team expanded the scope from 28 think tanks to 50, and ascertained funding from 80 foreign governments, up from the Times’s list of 64 government sources. Combing through 990 tax forms, open source material like investigative news reporting, and good old-fashioned phone calling, the painstaking process eventually paid off.

The picture that emerged was that foreign sources are investing a ton of money to get a hand in our foreign policy. In addition to direct lobbying and investing in academic institutions, foreign interests see think tanks as a way to shape legislation on Capitol Hill, turn public opinion, and pad budgets for military and other aid assistance. The list of countries include allies and democracies with benign missions, but also “authoritarian regimes whose aims often diverge significantly from U.S. interests,” according to the report.

A few highlights:

- The top five U.S. recipients for foreign funding were the World Resources Institute ($63 million), the Center for Global Development ($37.5 million), Brookings Institution ($27.3 million), Atlantic Council ($12.1 million) and the Aspen Institute ($8.4 million).

- The top five donor countries were Norway ($27.6 million), United Kingdom ($27.1 million), the United Arab Emirates ($15.4 million), Germany ($12.5 million) and Sweden ($9.3 million).

A few major elephants in the room — countries with typically outsized influence operations, like China, Saudi Arabia, and Israel — didn’t even crack the top 20.

Here is where the second major obstacle comes in: there is no consistency in self-reporting among think tanks. For example, seven of the top 50 think tanks, including the Wilson Center and the Hoover Institution, do not publicly disclose their foreign donors. Meanwhile, only two think tanks — the Chicago Council on Global Affairs and the Center for Global Development (number two on the list) — disclose all of them, with exact amounts. Meanwhile the rest of the organizations either disclose their donors without funding totals, or disclose their donors with funding ranges only, like “$2 million and above.”

“There was a frustrating level of different transparencies,” said Freeman, “there was such an incredible range here.”

Which means that the $8.5 million listed for Qatar’s total contributions to think tanks could be way off base because its main beneficiary, the Brookings Institution, doesn’t disclose the exact dollar amount of their grants, only ranges.

Furthermore, Freeman pointed out that countries typically find ways to fund think tanks surreptitiously through private organizations, which is maybe why the list seems a bit top heavy with non-controversial democracies and allies. They don’t have much to hide. U.S. institutions may not want to take money from Saudi Arabia or China outright — especially as national headlines like the Saudi-directed Jamal Khashoggi murder or the Chinese Uighur prisoner camps are shifting public opinion. But there is nothing preventing one of those countries from funding a third party organization that then funnels the money to a (perhaps) unsuspecting think tank. “A lot of [funders] are trying to make their foreign influence as clandestine as possible,” Freeman noted.

So why should we care? Because these countries are buying influence and without think tanks disclosing completely what that influence is, citizens and elected officials cannot take what they are peddling at face value. Think tanks generate reports and white papers, they cultivate future administration officials, their experts testify on critical issues before Congress and in the media, and they help legislative staff craft bills. Without disclosure it is impossible to know what foreign bias might be at work.

Is there obvious quid pro quo? The report details a number of cases which indicate that funding bought favorable reports that could have an impact on policy, U.S. contracts, aid, and “silence” when it comes to criticizing a funder-nation.

“Most funding comes with explicit strings attached,” Freeman’s report adds, “like writing research reports or hosting public events about specific topics. …They place constraints on what a think tank can and cannot do.”

The Foreign Influence Transparency Initiative suggests a simple fix for all of this: require that organizations disclose not only their donors, but exactly how much they are getting. This would let the people decide whether or not to buy what these experts are selling.

“The issue isn’t about the funding itself,” Freeman said. "Think tanks that are conducting truly independent and objective work should have no qualms disclosing their foreign donors. The more think tanks try to keep that foreign money secret, the more cause we have to question how it is influencing their work."


Reporting | Washington Politics
US think tanks are the world's least transparent
Top image credit: Metamorworks via shutterstock.com

US think tanks are the world's least transparent

Washington Politics

According to a new survey, North American think tanks are tied as the least transparent of any region. The poll, conducted by On Think Tanks, surveyed 335 think tanks from over 100 countries. The accompanying report, released today, found that only 35% of North American think tanks (mostly from the U.S.) that responded to the survey disclose funding sources. By comparison, 67% of Asian think tanks and 58% of African think tanks disclose their funding sources.

And there are signs that think tank funding transparency is trending towards more opacity. Just last month, the Center for American Progress — a major center-left think tank with $46 million in annual revenue — announced that it would no longer disclose its donors. The think tank said it was taking this “temporary protective step” out of concern that the Trump administration could target them.

keep readingShow less
Fort Bragg horrors expose dark underbelly of post-9/11 warfare
Top photo credit: Seth Harp book jacket (Viking press) US special operators/deviant art/creative commons

Fort Bragg horrors expose dark underbelly of post-9/11 warfare

Media

In 2020 and 2021, 109 U.S. soldiers died at Fort Bragg, the largest military base in the country and the central location for the key Special Operations Units in the American military.

Only four of them were on overseas deployments. The others died stateside, mostly of drug overdoses, violence, or suicide. The situation has hardly improved. It was recently revealed that another 51 soldiers died at Fort Bragg in 2023. According to U.S. government data, these represent more military fatalities than have occurred at the hands of enemy forces in any year since 2013.

keep readingShow less
Trump Netanyahu
Top image credit: President Donald Trump hosts a bilateral dinner for Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, Monday, July 7, 2025, in the Blue Room. (Official White House Photo by Daniel Torok)

The case for US Middle East retrenchment has never been clearer

Middle East

Is Israel becoming the new hegemon of the Middle East? The answer to this question is an important one.

Preventing the rise of a rival regional hegemon — a state with a preponderance of military and economic power — in Eurasia has long been a core goal of U.S. foreign policy. During the Cold War, Washington feared Soviet dominion over Europe. Today, U.S. policymakers worry that China’s increasingly capable military will crowd the United States out of Asia’s lucrative economic markets. The United States has also acted repeatedly to prevent close allies in Europe and Asia from becoming military competitors, using promises of U.S. military protection to keep them weak and dependent.

keep readingShow less

LATEST

QIOSK

Newsletter

Subscribe now to our weekly round-up and don't miss a beat with your favorite RS contributors and reporters, as well as staff analysis, opinion, and news promoting a positive, non-partisan vision of U.S. foreign policy.